Regulation of Digestion
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Neural and Hormonal Regulation of Digestion:
Neural Regulation:
In the Enteric Nervous System, chemoreseptors, mechanoreceptors and osmoreceptors stimulate the nerve plexus.
The Parasympathetic Nervous System (PSNS) is stimulated by chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors and osmoreceptors. The PSNS stimulates the nerve plexus which stimulates gland or smooth muscle. The PSNS can act independently from stimuli coming from receptors in the GI tract.
Hormonal Regulation:
Gastrin is stimulated by an increase in amino acids and PSNS. It stimulates the HCl secretion, gastric juice secretion and motility in the small and large intestine. It relaxes the pyloric sphincter and constricts esophageal sphincter from preventing entry.
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is stimulated by amino acids and free fatty acids in the small intestine. It stimulates the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and the release of bile. It inhibits HCl. (Buffer)
Secretin is stimulated by acid in the small intestine. It secretes pancreatic juice and produces bile.
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